DSM-5 Diagnosis of Sociopathy:
A. A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, occurring since age 15 years, as indicated by three (or more) of the following:
1. Failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviors, as indicated by repeatedly performing acts that are grounds for arrest.
2. Deceitfulness, as indicated by repeated lying, use of aliases, or conning others for personal profit or pleasure.
3. Impulsivity or failure to plan ahead.
4. Irritability and aggressiveness, as indicated by repeated physical fights or assaults.
5. Reckless disregard for safety of self or others.
6. Consistent irresponsibility, as indicated by repeated failure to sustain consistent work behavior or honor financial obligations.
7. Lack of remorse, as indicated by being indifferent to or rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from another.
B. The individual is at least age 18 years.
C. There is evidence of conduct disorder with onset before age 15 years.
D. The occurrence of antisocial behavior is not exclusively during the course of schizo­phrenia or bipolar disorder.

AlphaGo has defeated one of the strongest human Go world champion masters, Lee Sedol. This would be regarded as a historical milestone of AI. AlphaGo has also been awarded an honorary "ninth dan", and perhaps it should be considered as a true ninth-dan master and participate regularly in the world Go championships. The figure above however shows the break point of AlphaGo in the 4th match with Lee Sedol, after which it collapsed quickly. The nature paper on AlphaGo doesn't seem so much technically mind-blowing though.

Computer Vision
Introduction to active contour model: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_contour_model

Guillermo Sapiro's notes on PDE based image processing: http://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/cse577/04sp/notes/sapiro2.pdf. 
It includes elementary and important differential geometry formulas for curves and surfaces, such as the celebrated elegant Serret-Frenet formulas. It has been quite useful to those who, like me, want to derive their own curve/surface evolution equations from contour/surface integral minimization problems.

Nice introduction to Markov random field: http://www.nlpr.ia.ac.cn/users/szli/mrf_book/MRF_Book.html

Introduction to active contour, calculus of variations and level set method: Appendix-A of my thesis :) at https://repository.ntu.edu.sg/handle/10356/50709

First part of my notes on optimization models for computer vision: here

Applied Math:
All we need to know about calculus of variations: http://www.math.umn.edu/~olver/ln_/cv.pdf

The aurora of level set method: http://www.museth.org/Ken/Publications_files/Breen-etal_SIG04.pdf

Elegant approach to shape optimization with level set method, co-area formula, etc: ftp://ftp.math.ucla.edu/pub/camreport/cam04-02.pdf

Elegant theory of learning by kernel machines based on empirical risk minimization and function approximation: http://ttic.uchicago.edu/~smale/papers/math_foundation_of_learning.pdf 

The bible book for optimization from a functional analysis point of view. The functional analysis part is quite accessible. I didn't know this book has been put online: http://math.oregonstate.edu/~show/old/142_Luenberger.pdf